Multitech MTPSR1-202ST Guía de usuario descargar pdf (Pagina 90)

ProxyServer User Guide

MTPSR1-202ST

Buffer: A temporary storage register or Random Access Memory (RAM) used in all aspects of data

communications which prevents data from being lost due to differences in transmission speed.

Keyboards, serial ports, muxes and printers are a few examples of the devices that contain buffers.

Bus: A common channel between hardware devices either internally between components in a

computer, or externally between stations in a communications network.

Byte: The unit of information a computer can handle at one time. The most common understanding is

that a byte consists of 8 binary digits (bits), because that’s what computers can handle. A byte holds

the equivalent of a single character (such as the letter A).

Call Setup Time: The time to establish a circuit-switched call between two points. Includes dialing,

wait time, and CO/long distance service movement time.

Carrier Group Alarm (CGA): A T1 service alarm generated by a channel bank when an OOF

condition occurs for a predefined length of time (usually 300 mS to 2.5 seconds). The CGA causes

the calls using a trunk to be dropped and for trunk conditioning to be applied.

Carrier signal: An analog signal with known frequency, amplitude and phase characteristics used as

a transport facility for useful information. By knowing the original characteristics, a receiver can

interpret any changes as modulations, and thereby recover the information.

CCITT (Consultative Committee for International Telephone and Telegraph): An advisory

committee created and controlled by the United Nations and headquartered in Geneva whose

purpose is to develop and to publish recommendations for worldwide standardization of telecommuni-

cations devices. CCITT has developed modem standards that are adapted primarily by PTT (post,

telephone and telegraph) organizations that operate telephone networks of countries outside of the

U.S. See also ITU.

Central Office (CO): The lowest, or most basic level of switching in the PSTN (public switched

telephone network). A business PABX or any residential telephone connects to the PSTN at a central

office.

Centrex: A multi-line service offered by operating telcos which provides, from the telco CO, functions

and features comparable to those of a PBX for large business users. See also “Private Branch

Exchange”, “Exchange”.

Channel: A data communications path between two computer devices. Can refer to a physical

medium (e.g., UTP or coax), or to a specific carrier frequency.

Channel Bank: A device that acts as a converter, taking the digital signal from the T1 line into a

phone system and converting it to the analog signals used by the phone system. A channel bank acts

as a multiplexer, placing many slow-speed voice or data transactions on a single high-speed link.

Circuit-switched Network: A technology used by the PSTN that allocates a pair of conductors for

the exclusive use of one communication path. Circuit switching allows multiple conversations on one

talk path only if the end-users multiplex the signals prior to transmission.

Circuit Switching: The temporary connection of two or more communications channels using a

fixed, non-shareable path through the network. Users have full use of the circuit until the connection

is terminated.

Clear Channel: A transmission path where the full bandwidth is used (i.e., no bandwidth needed for

signaling, carrier framing or control bits). A 64 Kbps digital circuit usually has 8 Kbps used for signal-

ing. ISDN has two 64 Kbps circuits, and a 16 Kbps packet service of which part is used for signaling

on the 64K channels.

Client-Server: In TCP/IP, the model of interaction in distributed data processing in which a program

at one site sends a request to a program at another site and awaits a response. The requesting

program is called a client; the answering program is called a server.

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